WADSWORTH Jeffrey and FLUSS Michael(Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate
,
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
,
Livermore
,
CA 94551)
金属学报(英文版)
The role of the National Laboratories is summarized from the era of post World War II to the present time. The U.S. federal government policy for the National Laboratories and its influence on their materials science infrastructure is reviewed with respect to .determining overall research strategies, various initiatives to interact with industry (especially in recent years),building facilities that serve the nation, and developing leading edge research in the materials sciences. Despite reductions in support for research in the U.S. in recent years, and uncertainties regarding the specific policies for Research &Development (R&D) in the U.S., there are strong roles for materials research at the National Laboratories. These roles will be centered on the abilities of the National Laboratories to field multidisciplinary teams, the use of unique cutting edge facilities, a focus on areas of strength within each of the labs,increased teaming and partnerships, and the selection of motivated research areas. It is hoped that such teaming opportunities will include new alliances with China, in a manner similar, perhaps, to those recently achieved between the U.S. and other countries.
关键词:
: U.S. Materials Science. U.S. National Laboratories and Facilities
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TG.Nieh(Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
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P.O.Box 808
,
L-350
,
Livermore
,
CA 94551
,
USA )
材料科学技术（英）
Intermetallic beryllides are potential light-weight, high-temperature structural materials. In this paper. the processing techniques, microstructure. deformation, and oxidation properties of intermetallic beryllides are described. In addition to nickel beryllides (NiBe). which is treated as a model system.other high beryllium-containing refractory beryllides, such as Nb2 Be17. VBe12. are also studied.The room temperature deformation and high-temperature creep properties of these beryllides are repor4ed. At room temperature. NiBe exhibits certain tensile ductility (~ 1 .3%). but all other beryllides are essentially brittle. Nonetheless, these beryllides become ductile at temperatures above approximately 1000℃. Their creep properties are presented. The creep properties are compared with those of intermetallic aluminides. Also. a comparison is made between the ductile-to-brittle transition behaviour of intermetallic beryllides and that of aluminides. Although beryllides are generally oxidation resistant at high temperatures, some beryllides, e.g., ZrBe13, suffer the pest reaction during oxidation at intermediate tem peratures. The pest mechanisms are proposed
关键词:
NIEH Tai-Gang
,
WADSWORTH Jeffrey (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
,
Livermore
,
CA 94550
,
USA)
金属学报(英文版)
Superplasticity in intermetallic alloys is reviewed. Intermetallics which have been demonstrated to be superplastic include nickel-based (Ni_3Al, Ni_3Si), titanium-base (Ti_3Al, TiAl), and iron-base (Fe_3Al, FeAl) alloys. These alloys are primarily finegrained, two phase materials. But, superplasticity was also observed in some iron-base alloys which were in coarsegrained conditions. These alloys behave like Class I solid solution. The superplastic deformation mechanisms as well as microstructural characteristics are discussed. The superplastic forming of intermetallics is also briefly addressed.
关键词:
: Superplasticity
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